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Maria Cristina Mena
Maria Cristina Mena (later María Cristina Chambers; April 3, 1893 – August 3, 1965) was the author of eleven short stories, five children's books, and a nonfiction article. She is best known for her short stories, published mainly in ''The Century Magazine'' and ''American Magazine'' from 1913 to 1916. With renewed interest in the history of Chicano literature and the publication of all her short fiction in ''The Collected Stories of María Cristina Mena,'' her work is now receiving greater consideration.〔See Leal, Luis. "Maria Cristina Mena." ''Chicano Writers: Third Series''. Ed. Francisco A. Lomeli and Carl R. Shirley. ''Dictionary of Literary Biography'' Vol. 209. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resource Center. Gale. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV (MSE LIBRARY). 14 December 2009 (here ).〕
==Biography==
Mena was born in Mexico City during the regime of President Porfirio Diaz. She received her early education at an English boarding school where she became fluent in Spanish, English, French, and Italian. Later in her life, Mena learned Braille and translated fiction into the language as part of her advocacy work for the blind; she translated a variety of works, including her own children's literature.〔Schuller, Kyla. "Facial Uplift: Plastic Surgery, Cosmetics And The Retailing Of Whiteness In The Work Of María Cristina Mena." Journal of Modern Literature (2009): p. 82-104. JSTOR. Web. 8 Dec. 2014. .〕 Daughter to a “politically powerful and socially prominent” family, she was sent to New York City in 1907 to escape the political tensions that led to the Mexican Revolution. Six years later, Mena published her first short stories in ''The Century Magazine'' and ''American Magazine''. She continued to write for them until 1916, when she married playwright and journalist Henry Kellet Chambers. Mena did not produce any writings between 1916 and 1942, apart from her posthumously published correspondence with D.H. Lawrence. In 1942 Mena published the first of five children's books under her married name, Maria Cristina Chambers, the last of which was published in 1953. Her final publication in ''The Texas Quarterly'', “Afternoons in Italy with D.H. Lawrence,” was printed the year before her death at seventy-two.〔See Doherty, Amy. Introduction. ''The Collected Stories of Maria Cristina Mena''. By Maria Cristina Mena. Houston, TX: Arte Publico Press, 1997. vii-l.〕
There are biographies, written by Amy Doherty and Luis Leal, that differ in how they portray Mena and her work. Whereas Doherty’s biography emphasizes Mena’s success as a Mexican-born, woman writer, who published in English-language publishing houses() that mainly catered to White audiences, Leal’s biography emphasizes the controversies in her technique to depict Mexicans. Doherty portrays Mena as an “interpreter and a critic” whose literature was able to satiate America’s fascination with Mexicans. She structures her depiction of Mena by listing the short stories that Mena wrote, naming the magazine the work featured in, followed by a short summary of the themes predominant in that particular work. The extensive list she comprises creates an overwhelming effect that gives the reader the impression that Mena was a very prolific writer.〔Doherty, Amy. "Mena, María Cristina (1893–1965).." The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Latino Literature (Volumes ). Ed. Nicol‡s Kanellos. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2008. ABC-CLIO eBook Collection. Web. 9 Dec 2014.〕 Leal’s depiction of Mena challenges this notion.
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